Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Ronald Reagon Essay Example For Students

Ronald Reagon Essay Ronald Reagans Space Shuttle ChallengerSince the administration of George Washington, the individuals of The United States have gone to the president in the midst of misery to get confirmation and expectation. Kurt Ritter remarks on President Reagans address to the country given on January 28, 1986 saying, Perhaps no president could have satisfied the countrys need to grieve and, at that point, to start to mend as ably as Ronald Reagan (Ritter, 3). On that morning the space transport Challenger savagely detonated while the country observed live broadcast inclusion of the buses dispatch. President Reagan was planned to give his State of the Union Address on that date, however rather he connected the nation in this season of grieving. He talked from his oval office to sorrowful instructors, youngsters, NASA Space Engineers, and the whole nation. President Reagans response to the deplorability of the challenger guided the United States out of despondency and into another light of expect ation behind seven fallen saints. In this exposition I will show that Reagan gave our nation another light of expectation through his accentuation on Pathos yet additionally fusing Ethos and Logos in this essential introduction. There is no uncertainty that the when the President of the United States talks everybody tunes in to what he needs to state. This validity makes the Ethos of Reagans Speech practically superb. As referenced Reagan was planned to give a State of the Union Address to our nation on the night of January 28, 1986. Rather, he deferred it, on the grounds that the tale of the day was catastrophe. Here he needed to give a cheery discourse about America pushing forward. It just didnt fit. It appeared in consistent (Weinraub). He demonstrated the nation that his need is the feelings of his kin by, without precedent for history, deferring on the State of the Union discourse so as to talk about the recent development. This reinforced the respectability of his contention massively. He compared the space travelers to pioneers and expressed in his discourse that They had an uncommon elegance, that unique soul that says, Give me a test and Ill meet it with delight. With this he requests to the profound side of his crowd utilizing the word effortlessness to depict the fallen. Once more, The president closed by joining the countries distress to Gods elegance (Ritter, 4). He said As they arranged for there venture and waved farewell and slipped the morose obligations of earth to contact the substance of God.' Reagans utilization of symbolism, gave the individuals of the United States trust that there friends and family are presently with God and gave them trust in a more promising time to come. President Reagan tolerably utilized the intrigue to logos in his discourse yet there were a couple of focuses that it was important. Logos was utilized to give the nation foundation data on the space program when he said Nineteen years prior, nearly to the day, we lost three space explorers on the ground. However, weve never lost a space explorer in flight; weve never had a catastrophe like this. He expressed this data to pass on to the country that these kinds of disasters don't happen frequently in our space program. He needed to facilitate their psyches of the idea this would be a repetitive issue. He fortified the people groups support even furthur for the space program by saying that for a long time the space program has been astonishing the nation with its accomplishments. Reagan expressed an occurrence or verifiable occasion that happened in his discourse as On this day 390 years back, the incredible wayfarer Sir Francis Drake passed on board transport off the shore of Panama. He compared the devotion and pioneer endeavors of Drake to those of the expired space travelers. The president utilized the logos advance to reinforce the ethos and feeling bid with realities and chronicled input. Notwithstanding, this intrigue added to the response of the crowd toward restoring their feelings toward an increasingly steady state. .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 , .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 .postImageUrl , .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 , .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2:hover , .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2:visited , .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2:active { border:0!important; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2:active , .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2:hover { obscurity: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enrichment: underline; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-design: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670e b6cdf2 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u59a8322938ebbb488edcca670eb6cdf2:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Aztecs (430 words) EssayGiven the circumstance, a national disaster, and the tone of President Reagans discourse, the principle offer to the crowd is emotion. After Reagan portrayed the purpose behind his addressing the country on that night he promptly started to depict the feelings of the day. He delicately shouted, Today is a day for grieving and recalling. The awfulness of the Challenger was an upsetting dependent upon all and he expressed to the country, in this sentence, the country would grieve together and that nobody individual would remain solitary in their distresses. By commenting that he and his significant other had been torme nted to the center by the calamity, Mr. Reagan set up an elegiac tone (Apple). Through his own association, he demonstrated the country that it was worthy to be enthusiastic about what had occurred. He announced the mishap as genuinely and national misfortune. One of the travelers locally available the Challenger was an educator named Christa McAulliffe and in light of the fact that her quality there was a curiously wide enthusiasm for the space program, especially among school understudies (Ritter, 4). Later in the discourse President Reagan tended to the schoolchildren of America straightforwardly. I realize it is difficult to comprehend, he let them know, yet once in a while agonizing things like this occur (Ritter, 4). At that point In a genuine, quiet way, he bestowed the occasions diminish: Its all piece of the procedure of investigation and revelation. Its each of the a piece of taking risks and extending keeps an eye on skylines. The future doesnt have a place with the timid ; it has a place with the fearless (Ritter, 4). He disclosed to the kids the truth and afterward requested that they be daring and not to become cowardly. He later gave the country a feeling of trust later on by reporting that nothing closes here. Reagans discourse the evening of January 28, 1986 significantly ventured out joining the nation in its melancholy (Ritter, 4). Ronald Reagan contacted the schoolchildren of America and every single other resident of the United States to direct them in time of disaster. He offered want to the country through enthusiastic and profound reference. He was compelling in passing on his message however the manner in which his contemplations were sorted out was to a limited extent ineffectual. His discourse is extremely disorderly, and he could have requested his considerations better. More critically than disorder however, Ronald Reagan connected with a country that required him as there president. He gave the individuals of the United States expe ctation and Reassurance, an errand that the President has been relied upon to do since the start of our nation. CitationsApple, R.W. Jr. President As Healer. The New York Times 28 Jan. 1986:A2. Ritter, Kurt, and David Heary. Ronald Reagan: The Great Communicator. Connecticut: Greenwood, 1992. Sloan, Thomas O. ed. Specialized Communication New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. Weinraub, Bernard Reagan Postpones State of Union Speech. The New York Times 29 Jan. 1986:A9.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Identifying Stakeholders and Interests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recognizing Stakeholders and Interests - Essay Example This association is principally worried about the manifestations of reasonable frameworks of exchange that would profit the ranch laborers and guarantee that they get reasonable compensation. It conducts investigate on the different perspectives identified with ranch laborers to guarantee that they get fulfillment from their work endeavors (Fair Trade, 2010). Unmistakably this association has worries on the interests of ranchers and along these lines, it bolsters the work laws. The partners that are additionally connected with work laws are those in the Office of Disability Employment Policy. The partners for this situation wish to change the frameworks utilized in utilizing and tending to the issues that influence the individuals with incapacity. They have proposed the things consolidations for the frameworks to change viably. The main thing to change is the end of the disincentives in the government programs. These disincentives have been negative to the individuals with incapacities and thus, it abuses the law on consideration of all paying little heed to race, condition of capacity or ethnicity. The other thing that needs consideration is the joint effort and synchronization of the government programs (ODEP, 2010). The partners in this division have the point of improving the proficiency of work laws implying that they bolster the work laws. The National Mediation Board (NMB) is additionally an association worked to address the issues that influence human capital. Be that as it may, this association has some policy centered issues encompassing it and along these lines, it doesn't bolster the work laws. The main issue in this association is that all the senior individuals have arrived at the retirement age. This implies the association doesn't secure the interests of the youthful who are jobless and could fill the administration positions whenever given the opportunity. This association is likewise powerless in its obtainment methodology and consequently doesn't comply with the current work laws. It ought to in this way be changed for it to meet the work laws (Smith and Erez, 2011). The partners at

Friday, August 21, 2020

Essay on Electric Cars as a Solution for the Environment

Essay on Electric Cars as a Solution for the Environment Electric Cars as a Solution for the Environment Dec 20, 2018 in Economics Are Electric Cars Better for the Environment than Gasoline Cars? In almost every institution, there are debates regarding gasoline powered cars and electric cars. It is on this premise that this discourse has been contemplated. Current essay will discuss the two types of cars. It will provide the definition of the two types of cars. Apart from that, the discourse will unearth the historical processes that led to the creation of two types of cars. Ultimately, the discourse wil give the current trend, as far as electric and gasoline cars are concerned. On a general scale, it is a holistic essay that leaves no stone unturned in highlighting pertinent issues that characterize the two types of cars. Significance of This Topic The contemporary society faces a myriad of environmental problems. It has dawned on many leaders that environmental degradation is a reality. Thus, many world leaders have come up with policies to salvage the environment. To achieve this, state leaders have constituted treaties and protocols to help protect the ecosystem. A good example of such a treaty is the Convention on Biological Diversity. It is specifically meant to protect biodiversity. The treaty achieves its goal by discouraging the use of products that can ruin environmental elements.

Essay on Electric Cars as a Solution for the Environment

Essay on Electric Cars as a Solution for the Environment Electric Cars as a Solution for the Environment Dec 20, 2018 in Economics Are Electric Cars Better for the Environment than Gasoline Cars? In almost every institution, there are debates regarding gasoline powered cars and electric cars. It is on this premise that this discourse has been contemplated. Current essay will discuss the two types of cars. It will provide the definition of the two types of cars. Apart from that, the discourse will unearth the historical processes that led to the creation of two types of cars. Ultimately, the discourse wil give the current trend, as far as electric and gasoline cars are concerned. On a general scale, it is a holistic essay that leaves no stone unturned in highlighting pertinent issues that characterize the two types of cars. Significance of This Topic The contemporary society faces a myriad of environmental problems. It has dawned on many leaders that environmental degradation is a reality. Thus, many world leaders have come up with policies to salvage the environment. To achieve this, state leaders have constituted treaties and protocols to help protect the ecosystem. A good example of such a treaty is the Convention on Biological Diversity. It is specifically meant to protect biodiversity. The treaty achieves its goal by discouraging the use of products that can ruin environmental elements.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

A Research Study On Data Analysis - 938 Words

The qualitative research for the study will be driven by using tools such as excel spreadsheets and data analysis software that provides a quality control and accuracy for the results obtained from the participants. The researcher will be utilizing two elements of data analysis validity according to Creswell described by Sampson, J (2012), congruence and accuracy: †¢ Congruence involves providing a rational that shows how the data analysis method for qualitative research and fits the questions being asked or the hypotheses for qualitative research. The description of the rationale for using various data analysis methods should help the readers determine if the analytical techniques are appropriate for the research design and the measures utilized to represent the variables in the case study. †¢ Accuracy involves providing evidence that the analytical techniques used in the research provide correct answers to the research question being asked or the hypotheses being posed. This process establishes the accuracy of data analysis helps the reader to judge whether or not the findings obtained in the study could be trusted. The researcher role in this process is an exceptional and significant role in the process of qualitative research, which is to present a new platform for the dual enrollment program to provide readiness skills to help students with work-life-balance when students transition to college while working. According to Cech, E Wendt, B (2009), the developmentShow MoreRelatedResearch Study On Data Analysis Essay1213 Words   |  5 Pageschapter is focus on how data required for the research is to be obtained. Section 3.2 outlines the sampling techniques that can be used to choose representative respondents to the population under study. It will give a brief explanation on sampling and also explanation on various sampling techniques. Section 3.3 focuses on the data collection methods. It will give a brief explanation of various data collection methods. Section 3.4 describes data analysis. It explains how data collected will be analysedRead MoreData Collection Analysis and Measurement Elemen ts Used in Research Studies415 Words   |  2 PagesQualitative Research Study Abstract This paper identifies data collection, analysis, and measurement elements used in research studies. The paper analyses the publication Missed Nursing Care by Kalisch, B.J and discusses the methods of data collection and analysis the author used. Study Method In this research, a qualitative study was used during data collection and analysis. The researcher used focus group interviews during her study which encompassed nursing staff working in medical-surgicalRead More1221614 Chapter: 5 Data Analysis and Interpretation 5.3 RESEARCH GAP Similar studies have been1600 Words   |  7 Pages1221614 Chapter: 5 Data Analysis and Interpretation 5.3 RESEARCH GAP Similar studies have been conducted in different countries. In my study the focus is on the impact of crude oil prices on the stock returns of automotive companies in India and it has been conducted for six automobile companies. 5.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Firstly, the data on oil prices is taken from Multi Commodity Exchange of India (MCX). The time period of the data is from 2011 to 2013 as this was a period of high volatilityRead MoreCritical Analysis of a Quantitative Research Study1080 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Prepare a critical analysis of a quantitative study focusing on protection of human participants, data collection, data management and analysis, problem statement, and interpretation of findings. The quantitative research article can be from your previous literature review or a new peer-reviewed article. Each study analysis will be 1,000-1,250 words and submitted in one document. As with the assignments in Topics 1-3, this should connect to your identified practice problem of interest. Refer toRead MoreMeta Analysis Of Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia1735 Words   |  7 Pagesto provide a well-constructed analysis of the article titled â€Å"Meta-analysis of thoracic epidural anesthesia versus general anesthesia for cardiac surgery† written by Svircevic, van Dijk, Nierich, Passier, Kalkman, van der Heijden, and Bax in 2011. In doing so, this author attempts to validate the overall quality of the research being presented and its applicability to the nurse anesthesia practice. Study Design The meta-analysis was hypothesis driven while research was being completed; this becomesRead MoreDifferent Aspects And Characteristics Of Research1196 Words   |  5 PagesExploratory Research After reviewing the required readings and the Review Questions 6, 7, 8 at the end of chapter 6 in Cozby, P. C. (2012), Methods in behavioral research, the questions will be answered with detail. Support of the answers with scholarly research citations will be provided. The purpose of this research is to identify and define different aspects and characteristics of research and studies, What is a case study? A case study is the detailed steps and recording of research over timeRead MoreResearch Methodology Used For Research1207 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Methodology Introduction This chapter discusses the methodology used for this research. Describing type of methodology in research study and define the chosen method and approach for this research. Then, the outline of research strategy used, framework this research conducted and data sources collected to obtain valid and reliable research as the objective determined. Review of Research of Methodology Broadly speaking, there are several purpose of research. It depends on the objectiveRead MoreThe Effect Of Pay Level On Job Performance Of Call Center Employees Essay858 Words   |  4 Pagesthe outline of the research project, including the different sections and summary descriptions of the information contained in each section. Overall, the research comprises six different sections. These include the introduction, literature review, analysis approach, results, discussion, and conclusion. It is important that these sections are well knit to ensure a logical flow of ideas and clarity in the presentation of the research report. The following section shows the research outline. Topic: TheRead MoreResearch Study On Research And Research1406 Words   |  6 Pagesidentify the research approach, research onion and the research philosophy to conduct the research in proper manner. The research design based on which the entire research will be conducted is identified in the chapter in details. Robson and McCartan (2016) argued that the specific research process requires to be identified by the researcher to conduct the research efficiently. The research methodology identified in the chapter will help the researcher to formulate the outcomes of the study. 3.2 MethodRead MoreWomen Of The Working Population1484 Words   |  6 PagesResearch in Organizations Assignment Review of Literature Around half of the working population consists of women, yet this number is often not reflected in traditionally male fields (Peters, Ryan, Haslam, Fernandes, 2012). Although some may have joined these role, many women eventually leave male-dominated occupations resulting in underrepresentation in those fields, especially higher up the ladder (Peters, Ryan, Haslam, 2013). Many of these male–dominated occupation are well paid and highly

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Bethesda Classification Of Pap Smear Testing And Evaluation

Bethesda Classification of Pap smear testing and evaluation The Bethesda classification is relied upon in the reports that need to be made on the diagnosis related to vaginal or cervical cytology. Pap smear screening is used in the detection of processes in the cervix that are potentially cancerous and pre-cancerous. In the event of abnormal findings during the process, there could be further tests ran to get more clarity before the final decision is made on the conditions that is suffered (Rà ¡sky, Regitnig, Schenouda, Burkert, Freidl, 2013). The National Cancer Institute recommends utilization of â€Å"The Bethesda System for the reporting of cervical / endocervical / vaginal cytology (Pap smears) specimens. The standardized language of the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ An adequate endocervical / transformation zone component (from a patient with a cervix) (Nayar, Wilbur, 2015). (2) Quality of the Pap smear will still be noted when: †¢ Less than 10 well preserved endocervical or metaplatic cells are seen †¢ Blood or inflammation moderately obscuring the Pap smear (Nayar, Wilbur, 2015). (3)Unsatisfactory for evaluation designates that the specimen is unreliable for the detection of cervical epithelial cell abnormalities.this term is used if any of the following apply: †¢ A broken slide that cannot be repaired †¢ Scanty squamous epithelial component (less than 8,000 well preserved and well visualized cells on conventional slides or less than 5,000 well preserved and well visualized cells on liquid-based preparations) †¢ Obscuring blood, inflammation, thick areas, poor fixation, air-drying artifact, contaminant, etc. that precludes interpretation of approximately 75% of the epithelial cells(Nayar, Wilbur, 2015). If the pap smear test is abnormal it can be reported by Bestheda system as follows: 2.Descriptive †¢ Normal †¢ Benign †¢ Epithelial cell abnormality (a) Atypical squamous cells of unknown significance (b) Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (c)

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Changes in Accounting Principles The International...

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the changes in accounting for leases according to the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). FASB published a release on May 16, 2013 proposing an improvement to the value and comparability of financial statements. The goal of the IASB and FASB was to provide a greater transparency about leverage, the assets an organization uses in its operations, and the risks to which it is exposed from entering into leasing transactions (Fasb.org, 2013). Keywords: accounting for leases, IASB, FASB Changes to Lease Accounting Leasing is a very important source of financial income for a wide range of organizations. Therefore, the way in which organizations account for leases is essential. The standards for lease accounting had been criticized for failure to meet the needs of users of the financial statements because they did not provide a reliable representation of leasing transactions (Fasb.org, 2013). In 2006, the IASB and the FASB began a joint project by creating an Exposure Draft with proposals to improve the financial reporting of leasing activities under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in response to the criticism. On May 16, 2013 the FASB and IASB released a revised Exposure Draft proposing changes to lease accounting. The proposal aims to improve the quality and comparability of financialShow MoreRelatedSummary of Research for Accounting Changes and Error Analysis1143 Words   |  5 Pages Summary on Research for Accounting Changes and Error Analysis Companies have always faced issues of how to reflect changes in accounting methods and error corrections in financial statements. A change in accounting principle results when an entity adopts a generally accepted accounting principle different from the one it used previously (Hall 2007). A presumption exists that an accounting principle once adopted shall not be changed in accounting for events and transactions of a similar typeRead MoreGeneral Accepted Accounting Principles958 Words   |  4 PagesAccounting Principles i Running head: GENERAL ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES General Accepted Accounting Principles Accounting Principles ii Abstract My paper is about the GAAP (General Acceptance of Accounting Principles) which were created by the Accounting Principles Board (APB). The board was created by American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) in 1959. APB issued 31 Opinions from 1959 to 1973 and those Opinions created GAAP. I think GAAP is interestingRead MoreHistory of the Relationship Between Fasb Iasb1633 Words   |  7 PagesRelationship of the International Accounting Standards Board and the Financial Accounting Standard Board Accounting Theory Research 541 The History amp; Relationship of the International Accounting Standards Board and the Financial Accounting Standard Board The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and independent standard-setting body of the IFRS Foundation was created after the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to develop and establish universal accounting proceduresRead MoreThe Relationship Between Fasb and Iasb1490 Words   |  6 Pages541 March 14, 2011 Delphine L. Agnor Wolsker The Relationship Between FASB and IASB Introduction The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) was created after the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to establish a single set of accounting procedures and standards for both boards. The process has not always been an easy one, but the goal of merging the accounting standards globally overrides the disagreements. Overcoming impediments, such as language, culture, economic and politicalRead MoreThe American Institute Of Accountants862 Words   |  4 PagesAccountants formed the Committee on Accounting Procedure that issued 51 accounting research bulletins and began the process that eventually became known as the GAAP. In 1957, the American Institute of Accountants was renamed AICPA or American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The AICPA or American Institute of Certified Public Accountants formed the Accounting Principles Board in 1959, which issued their 31 APB Opinions. The FASB or Financial Accounting Standards Board formed in 1973 issued 168 Statement sRead MoreInternational Financial Reporting Standards And The International Accounting Standards Board1236 Words   |  5 PagesREVENUE ACCOUNTING ASSIGNMENT 2 – BUSINESS REPORT Name : Jea Sun Lee Student Number : N9558195 Word Count : 1000 words Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 1.0 Introduction 6 2.0. Research and Evaluation 7-8 3.0 Future Implications of adopting AASB 15 for Australian companies 9 4.0 Conclusion 10 Reference List 11-12 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Foundation and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) are a global languageRead MoreIntroduction. Keeping The Day-To-Day Business Accounting1588 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Keeping the day-to-day business accounting is not just a necessity but rather, and above all, an obligation. Financial accounting seeks to find answers to recurring questions in a business such as, how much was sold last month, how many people have used the services, and how much to produce to meet the needs of the customers. The financial accounting is a method that helps better organize and manage any business. Accounting is the science that serves to organize all the numeric recordsRead MoreInternational Accounting Standards Board And Financial Accounting1307 Words   |  6 PagesIt all began on October 2002 where the International Accounting Standards Board and Financial Accounting Board signed a memorandum of understanding that has come to be known as the â€Å"Norwalk Agreement†. Here the two boards met and decided to make their standards fully compatible and put it into practice and once they conquer their goal, they have to make sure it is maintained. 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U.S. Businesses had been using double entry accounting since the 1800s yet no uniform accounting practices had been introduced until the American Institute of Accountants (AIA) recommendedRead MoreIntermediate Accounting I Final Paper1750 Words   |  7 PagesIn 1973, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) was created and their mission is â€Å"to establish and improve standards of financial accounting and reporting for the guidance and education of the public, including issuers, auditors, and users of financial information.† (FASB.org, 2009a). The FASB is a private, not-for-profit organization whose primary purpose is to develop generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) within the United States. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Coffee free essay sample

What is the product mix of Trung Nguyen? What are the key attributes of its coffee? How do these attributes help Trung Nguyen to differentiate itself from its competitors? The product mix refers to the total composite of products offered by Trung Nguyen coffee. It consists of different product lines, various product items in each product line and within each item is the product depth. Firstly, the product line is a group of product or service items that are closely related because they are sold to the same consumer groups, are marketed through the same types of outlets, have similar usage or fall within given price ranges. Thus, Trung Nguyen Coffee’s product lines are: Trung Nguyen Coffee, Passiona Coffee and G7 Instant Coffee. The Passiona Coffee targets at consumers looking for low-caffeine coffee and especially women, while the G7 Instant coffees are made for people who are too busy to brew a cup of coffee themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Coffee or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Trung Nguyen Coffee has 3 different product items, namely Creative Coffee, Blend Coffee and Espresso Coffee. Passiona Coffee consists of 2 product item, Passiona roasted coffee and Instant Passiona coffee. As for the G7 Instant Coffees, the product items are G7 Pure soluble, G7 Cappuccino and G7 Instant 3-in-1 coffee. Lastly, product depth is the number of variants in a product item. Trung Nguyen’s product depth of Creative coffee includes the Weasel Coffee and Legendee Coffee. Also, some variations of G7 Cappuccino are the Mocha G7 cappuccino and Hazelnut G7 cappuccino. Different sizes of coffees are considered as product depth as well. For example, the G7 Instant 3-in-1 coffee is sold in 3 different sizes: a box of 18 cafe sticks, a bag of 22 sachets or a bulk pack bag of 100 sachets. Table1: Summary of product mix of Trung Nguyen | Product lines| | Trung Nguyen Coffee| Passiona Coffee| G7 Instant Coffee| Product items| -Blend coffee-Espresso coffee-Creative coffee Product depth: Weasel coffeeLegendee coffee| -Passiona roasted coffee-Passiona instant coffee| -G7 Pure soluble-G7 cappuccinoProduct epth:Mocha G7 cappuccinoHazelnut G7 cappuccino-G7 instant 3-in-1Product depth:box of 18 cafe sticksbag of 22 sachetsbulk pack bag of 100 sachets| Key attributes refer to the most important characteristics of a product. Trung Nguyen makes its point of difference through its key attributes like using the best coffee beans, unique brewing style and the new coffee concept. Trung Nguyen has a unique selling point because some coffees offered cannot be found anyw here else. Its coffees are authentically Vietnamese. For example, the Weasel coffee is produced based on the legend in Vietnam. To differentiate itself from its competitors, these key attributes must communicate benefits for consumers. The coffee offered by Trung Nguyen is of a higher quality compared to other coffee brands because they use the best coffee beans sourced from four of the world’s best coffee-growing regions. In addition, Trung Nguyen is awarded with the EureGAP certificate for its good agricultural practices such as having consistently good quality coffee beans and using environmentally friendly technologies. Coupled with their oriental secrets, consumers would prefer Trung Nguyen because their coffee is brewed much more aromatic and rich. Trung Nguyen used their new concept of coffee to set up a â€Å"Creative Coffee House† in order to differentiate itself and gain market share. It is now well-known for the innovative clubhouse whereby customers can enjoy coffee in a beautiful and sentimental ambience while experiencing Vietnamese cultural events and exhibitions. For consumers who value such innovative product services, they will choose Trung Nguyen’s coffee over the other â€Å"grab a coffee to go† coffee styles. 2) What are the roles of branding? What are the benefits of branding to sellers and buyers in the coffee market. The role of branding is to create an identity for the product. The identity created can have some personalities and can gain brand equity. Benefits of branding Some benefits of branding for sellers of the Trung Nguyen coffee are that they are able to accentuate the bases of differentiation from its competitors due to its distinct identity. They can obtain legal protection like trademarks to avoid copycats of their brand. The counterfeit products are capable of stealing Trung Nguyen’s sales when consumers are unsure of how the real packaging of coffee looks like. There is also a chance for the counterfeit coffee to ruin Trung Nguyen’s reputation. Consumers who bought the counterfeit coffee by mistake may view Trung Nguyen to be of a lousier quality instead. All this would be effectively prevented by branding because counterfeiting is an offense. Brand equity is created by branding and careful marketing. Trung Nguyen can in turn earn higher profits as consumers are willing to pay a higher price for this particular brand of coffee. Also, brand equity can lead to higher economic value of the brand, whereby it becomes an asset for Trung Nguyen when it wishes to sell its brand. Last but not least, Trung Nguyen can achieve brand loyalty through creating preferences towards their brand. If Trung Nguyen coffee is able to sustain a consistently good quality coffee product, consumers would remember the brand, spread the word around and continually purchase its coffee. On the buyers end, they may reap the most benefits from Trung Nguyen’s branding. Coffee is a convenience product and it is important to make it easy to find. Consumers will be able to correctly identify the products in a short period of time due to Trung Nguyen’s branding thus becoming more efficient shoppers. Furthermore, consumers may gain assurance of product quality and performance. Employees need to ensure products offered are of consistently good quality and so are specially trained to deliver this promise. Consumers will remain loyal to Trung Nguyen coffee because they are satisfied with this brand and have no need to search for another. 3) What constitutes the brand identity of Trung Nguyen? What is your evaluation of this identity? How can the brand identity be improved? Brand identity is the noticeable elements of a brand and also what the organization wants consumers to perceive the brand as. It constitutes of â€Å"Trung Nguyen† as its name, the logo and its tagline â€Å"Explore creative inspiration† A successful brand name should reflect the personality and values of the brand, be simple, memorable, positive and emotional. A logo is the image that embodies an organization. It is one of the most prominent branding elements that consumers will think of when someone mentions the company. A good brand logo should be memorable, futuristic and consistent and be able to portray the benefits to its target audience. The tagline must be simple and easy to remember. It also needs to remain short since the tagline is always incorporated into many marketing pieces. Evaluation of brand name: Consumers associate Trung Nguyen to â€Å"Central highlands† which refers to Dak Lak, the county capital of coffee where green coffee is grown. This gives an advantageous association between Trung Nguyen and high quality and fresh coffee beans. Also, the brand name represents the uniqueness and richness of the Vietnamese culture. However, the name Trung Nguyen does not hold any meaning for non-Vietnamese. This may alienate consumers from other parts of the world. Another bad point could be that its name is hard to pronounce for non- Vietnamese consumers. Possible improvements: Because the company’s name has been around since 1996 when it was founded, it cannot be changed otherwise the company has to build up brand awareness from scratch all over again. Thus, the company should work hard in educating people and let them understand the positive association between Trung Nguyen and â€Å"Central highlands†. For example, they could use their existing Internet website and include this under the â€Å"learn more† option. People visiting the website can then learn about the association and slowly adopt Trung Nguyen as their favourite coffee. Evaluation of logo In my opinion, the logo might be a little small and insignificant. Psychological influences such as selective exposure and retention affects consumer buying behaviour. For example, the appealing cup of coffee printed on its packaging of Creative coffee may distract the consumers from the brand name. The logo is also unattractive and boring due to the usage of dull and non-contrasting colours. The font used in the logo has little stylistic variations making it rather boring as well. Possible improvements Firstly, the logo should be scaled to a bigger size. Also, the marketing manager of Trung Nguyen can make use of brighter and more contrasting colours to make its logo more outstanding and attention-catching. The font could be changed to something cursive. This can better capture consumer’s attention thus leaving a deeper impression and resulting in better brand memory and recognition. For example Coca Cola, with its logo in a strikingly bright red background and white cursive words, is very successful at making sure that every consumer remembers it. Evaluation of tagline: Trung Nguyen’s tagline â€Å"Explore creative inspiration† consists of only 3 simple words hence should be relatively easy for everyone to remember. However, Trung Nguyen tagline is still quite foreign to people across the globe as they do not use much above-the-line marketing. Possible improvements Through the print media and mass media, Trung Nguyen can improve this aspect of its brand identity. The marketing manager could set up a Facebook page and make it known to people. Maintaining a Facebook page is relatively low-cost as compared to constant TV advertisements. Because millions of people are using Facebook, it is very effective for Trung Nguyen to get their brand identity across. Another point of improvement also through the mass media is through its online website. Perhaps the tagline can be added in the â€Å"history of Trung Nguyen† tab as it is currently not. On top of that, they can make use of emotional branding to elicit a favourable emotional response. Adding emotional words like â€Å"Happy†, â€Å"Healthy† and â€Å"Beautiful† could boost sales of their coffee. As consumers become increasingly aware of health and beauty these days, Trung Nguyen can market more of their Passiona coffee which is enriched with collagen, vitamin PP and other rare oriental herbs through its tagline. 4) What is the branding strategy of Trung Nguyen? What are the advantages and risks of this branding strategy? Trung Nguyen uses an umbrella branding strategy. Different types of coffees have a sub-brand which combines the corporate brand with a new brand. Trung Nguyen’s Passiona Roasted coffee and Trung Nguyen’s Espresso coffee are 2 examples. Advantages of umbrella branding: Capitalizing on the existing brand equity of Trung Nguyen, it can sell newly introduced products quickly. Consumers who have had a good experience with its coffee will transfer this favourable attitude to new items. For instance, Trung Nguyen’s Creative coffee may have been developed earlier than Passiona coffee. Consumers who liked Creative coffee would have a higher chance of buying the Passiona coffee because they are under the same brand and so would also be of an equally good quality. Furthermore, the Passiona coffee can be set at a higher price as consumers are willing to pay more for brand value. This can bring about additional profits for Trung Nguyen. Another advantage of using an umbrella brand is a lower advertising and promotion costs. Trung Nguyen only needs to come up with a single advertisement because its coffees share one identity. Also, because Trung Nguyen is used on all of the products, level of brand awareness is easy to raise. To name an example of a successful sub-branding strategy, Gatorade has developed and introduced Gatorade Frost, Gatorade G2, Gatorade energy bar, etc into the market and stayed popular being the leading sports drink brand in many countries. Risks of umbrella branding: In every marketing strategy there is bound to be a down side. Some risks of umbrella branding are that the failure of one type of coffee may affect the sales of the whole Trung Nguyen branded products. It is inadvisable to put all the eggs into one basket. For instance, if the production G7 Mocha had some discrepancy that caused the coffee to be too sweet, consumers may feel that the rest of Trung Nguyen packet instant coffees are as sweet and so switch over to Nescafe coffee instead. Secondly, sales of one product item may come at the expense of other items offered in the same product line. Lastly, the meaning of Trung Nguyen may also be diluted with an umbrella branding strategy. Apart from coffee, Trung Nguyen also has other product such as Green Tea, Oolong tea, etc. However, Trung Nguyen refers to Dak Lak, the county capital of coffee and so offering tea as an alternative beverage is not so relevant to the brand name.

Saturday, April 4, 2020

Democracy Essays (766 words) - Democracy, Forms Of Government

Democracy George Bernard Shaw once said: "Democracy substitutes election by the incompetent many incompetent many for appointment by the corrupt few...", and while I don't have nearly such a bleak outlook on our method of government, Mr. Shaw does hold an iota of truth in his quotation. In a perfect world, where everyone is informed, intelligent, and aware of their system of administration, democracy would work perfectly. In a world where there are different personalities, dissimilar concerns and divergent points of view, democracy falls short of the ideal of having all people being equal. Similarly, having a Philosopher-King or an equivalent in control of a country sounds fine on paper, but there would be different philosophies, disputes within the philosopher-king hierarchy itself, and of course, the never-ending task of stabilizing an entire country would daunt even the most qualified person. It is a mechanical fault of democracy itself, and not the many leaders caught up in a democratic bureaucracy that causes a country to stumble. A democracy is where the government is run by all the people who live under it. To have a true democracy, everyone must vote. People vote to exercise their democratic rights; if only 70% vote, then 70% control 100% of the government. Voting without adequate understanding and choosing candidates for the wrong reasons are symptoms of voting for the sake of voting and not taking an active interest in how our country is run. Instead of making an effort to understand issues and party fundamentals, too many ignorant people actually base their decisions on what the candidates tell them. The result is that everybody feels "burned" by the government, never realizing that they could have tipped the election simply by paying attention. Another problem with democracy is the structure of any government's bureaucracy. Vote for a party/candidate only in prin ciple, because in practice, they act completely the same. Imagine bureaucracy as a great fast-moving train; even if another engineer takes control, it is incredibly hard to make any large adjustments without severely unstabilizing the train. Similarly, it wouldn't matter if any political party is in power, because any fundamental change would upset a lot of people (one of the unwritten laws of politics: to make a drastic change is to invite political suicide). In the case of a philosopher-king, a lot more could be done because he would have the power of a monarch, yet his judgment would not be watered down through bloodlines (like how decadent the British monarch has become from their stable position of power). It would appear that the idea of a philosopher king has the best of both worlds: The control of a dictatorship, but the freedom of a (controlled) democracy. (The philosopher king is not defined as concisely as I'd like, so I'm taking some liberties here). Someone who is bred specifically to lead a country would be better than any politician; they would be specialized in the physics of politics, they would have unique insights into old political problems, and could master political double-speak by age 10! No question, a more stable country would develop under a purebred leader, but there could be many more unseen problems that would come along with an absolute ruler. The term, philosopher king would create an image of a monarchical rule, where his word is law. That would have the advantage of streamlining the government, with the absolute leader making quick, summary judgments. Any problems that could develop through a monarchy would not be anything new; more than a few countries have felt (and have rebelled against) the stranglehold of a king holding absolute power over them. Another problem with the philosopher king: which philosophy? A Socrates indoctrinated ruler would have different viewpoints from an existentialist philosopher king. Would people vote for different philosophies as well as their favorite king? There would be as many problems with the mechanics of a philosopher king as there would be with a democracy. I'm not saying that either is better: Both the philosophy of democracy, and the concept of a philosopher king both sound good in theory, but once the human factor is introduced, an incalculable variable is introduced into any equation, political or otherwise. It may appear

Sunday, March 8, 2020

The Impact of Mongol Invasion in Ancient Arab

The Impact of Mongol Invasion in Ancient Arab Introduction The golden age was a liberating period of Arab civilization. This period marked the defeat of Israeli crusaders and the elimination of the Ismaili Fatimid threat in the Middle East. The establishment of the Khwarazmian Empire, in Persia, also strengthened Arab civilization because it protected Islam from external threats, attacks, and influences (Morgan 11).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Impact of Mongol Invasion in Ancient Arab specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, this peace only lasted for a short period before the Mongol empire invaded Southwest Asia. In the wake of their arrival, they changed the social dynamics of the Middle East by causing untold destruction and despair that was unequal to any other global event. Genghis Khan is a common name that emerges whenever historians explain the history of the Mongol empire. Indeed, it is during his time that the empire witnessed the greates t expansion in ancient history (Morgan 4). From a small tribe of nomads in North and central Asia, Khan was able to transform the nomadic lifestyles of a few tribesmen into a powerful empire (Mongol empire). Particularly, Khan used terror as his most effective weapon (Dutch 3). He often spared colonies that did not fight him, but massacred anybody who attempted to oppose his expansion. His entry into the Arab world was not extensive as other parts of the Asian continent. In fact, the University of Calgary (4) says most parts of the Muslim world did not experience Khan’s terror. However, in 1255, this short-lived peace with Khan ended. This paper explores the destruction of Arab civilization and Islam under the Mongol empire. In detail, this paper shows that under the leadership of Khan’s brother, Hulagu Khan, the Mongol empire destroyed Arab civilization through the destruction of Islamic infrastructure. Its main targets were Persia, Egypt, Syria, and modern-day Iraq. This paper also shows that much of the Muslim world did not have the capability of resisting Mongol aggression and therefore fell into Mongol rule quickly.Advertising Looking for term paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This changed the dynamics of the Islamic faith, as the Mongol empire destroyed educational facilities, mosques, libraries, and other structures that supported the faith. Comprehensively, this paper highlights the â€Å"near death† of Islam and Arab civilization under Mongol rule. Destruction of Islamic Infrastructure Historical excerpts say Hulagu Khan had a very deep resentment for Islam and its antecedents (Morgan 111). The University of Calgary (4) says this hatred came from some of his close confidants (with predominantly Christian and Buddhist influences) who influenced the formulation of Mongol policies. Through Khan’s loyal lieutenants, he did not spare any kind of I slamic support structure. For example, when they conquered Baghdad, a strong army of over 150,000 soldiers destroyed Mosques, Islamic libraries, and religious sites (Morgan 10). Sequentially, this section of the paper explores these different forms of destruction. Destruction of Educational Institutions Before the Mongol empire set foot in the Middle East, Islam thrived because of the vibrancy of its educational institutions (Madrasa) which taught Islamic doctrines to new generations. However, when the Mongols came, they destroyed these institutions and burned down any educational material that existed in them. For example, Baghdad was an important cultural and spiritual center where Muslims from around the world gathered and lived. The city had more than 30 universities, which taught Islamic doctrines to the greater Arab population (University of Calgary 14). Among these universities was Mustansiriya College, which was a prominent Islamic Centre for excellence (University of Calgar y 15). From the destruction of such educational institutions, historians estimate that a lot of Islamic knowledge was lost through this invasion. The Mongols destroyed the libraries, burned books, and killed Islamic scholars and educators. Through this act, they aimed to curtail the growth of Islamic doctrines, which Muslim scholars safeguarded in their educational institutions. Morgan says,Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Impact of Mongol Invasion in Ancient Arab specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More â€Å"On their way, they destroyed the Assassin’s (Hashishin) sanctuary at Alamut and sacked its library where the Assassins had collected techniques of murder and terror, thus making it impossible for future generations to gain any in-depth knowledge of the Islamic doctrine and nefarious activities of the religion† (27). Dutch (13) says the extent of the destruction was very extensive, such that Bagh dad’s rivers choked with ink from the destroyed libraries. This level of destruction had a huge toll on Islamic educational infrastructure through the loss of Islamic knowledge/doctrines. Destruction of Agricultural Infrastructure Most of the destruction of agricultural infrastructure occurred in Baghdad. Indeed, agricultural investments that spanned thousands of years established functional canal networks that supported agriculture in the large semi-arid city. Few historians dispute the fact that this development marked the helm of the golden age (Morgan 21). Baghdad’s success in the agricultural front was only a highlight of the city’s stature as an intellectual, cultural, and economic Islamic capital. Certainly, scholars, scientists, Muslim philosophers, and experts were attracted to the Arabian capital, as the center of Islamic dominance. It was therefore unsurprising when the Baghdad invasion marked the decline of Arab civilization and the golden age becaus e in the wake of the destruction, many Islamic successes in science and philosophy ended. The destruction of agricultural technology, which Arabs had built for hundreds of years, also affected the Islamic population, in terms of human population sustainability. This type of destruction was a tactical strategy by the Mongol empire to starve Arab cities by denying them food supply. For example, military personnel cut canal pipes that supplied water to the agricultural fields of Mesopotamia (the infrastructure had taken thousands of years to build) (Morgan 26). They destroyed this infrastructure with no intention of repairing it. Therefore, most of the canal pipes contained poisoned water, which people could not sustain the Muslim population in Baghdad.Advertising Looking for term paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some survivors therefore had to flee the city because it lacked its agricultural lifeline. In fact, the University of Calgary (11) says the destruction of agricultural technology/infrastructure was so severe that the people could not easily restore it (its restoration only happened in the 20th century). The University of Calgary (11) further says the agricultural infrastructure in Iraq was very different from how we know present-day Iraq. The destruction of agricultural fields and technology is significant in understanding the decline of Arab civilization in the wake of the Mongol invasions because agriculture supported Arab civilization for more than 5,000 years (Morgan 30). To explain this view, Dutch says, â€Å"The Mongol invasions and their subsequent rule in the lands, east of the Euphrates, left a legacy of shattered cities, population decline, and overturned technology that undercut the basis for prosperity and success that had sustained the Middle East for many years† (112). The Mongols had a very casual attitude towards agriculture because they were mainly nomadic people. They therefore felt no remorse for destroying Arab agricultural fields, which had taken a lot of time and investments to establish. Their primary concern was the defeat of their enemies. In fact, the empire wanted the fields to remain unused to ensure the surviving population did not regroup. The extent of this devastation does not match with any other type of devastation in ancient or present-day history (Morgan 26). Comprehensively, the destruction of agricultural fields created a sense of hopelessness among the population. In fact, most of the surviving population had to look towards the Far East for support. They were at the mercy of the Mongols. Furthermore, with a population decline of up to 90%, understandably, Islam was on its â€Å"deathbed.† Previous conquests in other parts of the Middle East, and the successful assimilation of natives into Buddhism, left on ly some parts of the Middle East holding on to Islam. Particularly, North Africa was the last frontier of the Arab world, which openly practiced Islam. Observers say if the Mongol empire invaded Egypt, it would have easily conquered Islam (Dutch 31).However, this did not happen, after Egyptian Mamluks successfully resisted Mongol invasion. This event had a significant impact on the world’s history because historians project that if the Mongol empire successfully invaded Egypt, and gained access to a greater part of North Africa, it would have been difficult for European colonizers to defeat them in the scramble for Africa (Dutch 32). The destruction of Damascus and Baghdad was therefore the last frontier for Mongol invasion. Looting Most Islamic regimes had undertaken previous conquests in Europe and other parts of Asia. They accumulated a lot of wealth, which they used to finance their empires. When the Mongol empire invaded the Middle East, most existing Arab empires had ac cumulated a lot of wealth and invested the same in science and technology. The Mongol empire looted most of this wealth and repatriated the same to their colonies. For example, the empire ransacked the palaces and took all the gold and other forms of material wealth from their rulers. This act left their enemies weak (Dutch 31). Psychological Scar A significant success of the Mongol empire, in destabilizing the Muslim faith, was to instill suspicion and fear among the Muslim people. Morgan (44) particularly pays a close attention to the Baghdad invasion and says the invasion dented a serious psychological blow to the surviving inhabitants of Baghdad. Certainly, the Mongol invasion instilled suspicion and fear among surviving Islamic people who looked inward and became afraid to support any type of religious conflict. Consequently, they became suspicious that they would be caught practicing Islam and instead adopted a very conservative lifestyle (a sharp contrast from the vibrant Isl amic lifestyle that preceded the Mongolian invasion in Baghdad). Morgan (44) says, before the invasion, there was an intellectual flowering of Islam in the greater region of Baghdad, but the invasion stifled this freedom. In fact, Dutch (15) says after the Mongols destroyed the mosques, they replaced them with Buddhist temples and instilled fear on people who were willing to continue practicing Islam. The Mongols also took the surviving women and children to their camps, where they assimilated them into the Mongol lifestyle. Depopulation Since the Mongolian invasion was merciless on anybody (rulers) who opposed their invasion, their incursion led to the deaths of thousands of people. Previous cities that were flowing with economic and social brilliance collapsed under the absence of people who would support the activities of the city. Baghdad, for example, suffered a huge reduction in its population as thousands of people either fled or died in the invasion. This depopulation means that a huge following of Muslim faithful died in the invasion, thereby leaving the once strong group of religious followers fragile, weak, and traumatized. To paint an accurate picture of the level of destruction that hit Baghdad, Morgan says, They swept through the city like hungry falcons attacking a flight of doves, or like raging wolves attacking sheep, with loose reins and shameless faces, murdering and spreading terror. Beds and cushions made of gold and encrusted with jewels cut to pieces with knives and torn to shreds. Those hiding behind the veils of the great Harem were dragged through the streets and alleys, each of them becoming a plaything, as the population died at the hands of the invaders (19). The level of destruction in Baghdad was therefore extensive and it led to a serious decline of human population that would have otherwise continued Islamic traditions. The decline of agricultural productivity further complicated the existence of the small populations that surv ived after the invasion. Historical excerpts say the invasion forced the surviving Arab population to farm for subsistence living (University of Calgary 11). Some researchers say the extent of devastation could not allow the surviving population to farm for their existence. This situation led to a near 90% decline in population numbers. Census numbers produced in one Iraqi province, Diyala, show that the province, which supported about 900,000 people at the height of Arab civilization, only supported about 60,000 people after the invasion (University of Calgary 11). The population failed to grow even after the invasion because a census conducted by the Ottoman Empire showed that there were only 600,000 people living in what is known today as modern Syria and Palestine, several years after the invasion (initially, these two countries supported a population of about 4,000,000 Arabs at the height of Arab civilization) (Morgan 28). Conclusion The Mongol invasion of the Arab world was pe rhaps the greatest threat to Arab civilization. After invading most parts of North, central, and West Asia, the Mongol empire was very close to â€Å"destroying† Islam. As explained through different sections of this paper, the empire mainly did so by destroying the Islamic infrastructure that supported the religion. Baghdad was the worst hit target, possibly because it was the center of Islamic culture and spirituality. The destruction of educational facilities, palaces, mosques, and libraries showed the extent that the Mongol empire was willing to go to destroy Arab civilization and Islam. However, this paper draws attention to the human massacre that characterized the invasion as the greatest threat to the existence of Islam and Arab civilization. By killing many Islamic faithful and reducing the population of city inhabitants by close to 90%, it is accurate to say the Mongol empire was close to â€Å"wiping out† the entire Muslim population. An extension of the sam e massacre to North Africa would have severed Arab civilization and ended Islam. Understandably, such levels of human devastation left a strong psychological scar to the surviving Muslim population who were afraid to practice Islam. Although, ironically, the Mongol empire later assimilated to Islam, the vibrancy of Islam, as we know it today, barely underscores the near collapse of the faith at the height of Mongol supremacy. Dutch, Steven. The Mongols, Wisconsin, WS: University of Wisconsin, 1998. Print. Morgan, David. The Mongols, Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing, 2007. Print. University of Calgary 2013, History of Jihad against the Mongols (1050-1258). Web.

Friday, February 21, 2020

Jury system of United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Jury system of United States - Essay Example As in the book "On the Grand Jury", the indication taken from "United States v. Calandra in 1974" that Supreme Court says about the jury system that its purpose is not only to investigate possible criminal conduct but also to act as a "protector of citizen against arbitrary and oppressive government action" and to perform this action jury "deliberates in secret and may determine alone the course of its inquiry". Though this is very much true that without thorough investigation the jury server are not intent to ensnare the crime with deserving prosecution or claiming them for their deeds or warranting the prosecutors for being innocent. Jurors are authorize to dismiss any person in the government incase if not serving the country sincerely. It's their duty to listen the person who is accused by the prosecutors and the person selected to be the government employee or brought in the country is secure from any inducement. Jurors are the first protectors of citizens and for the people who are accused by the law unconstitutionally. In an article by James W. Gilchrist, Jr. quoted the idea of juries in Virginia Colony is, "When the case was given to the jury, it was locked up without food or water until it reached a verdict. A juryman could not leave his fellows until a verdict was reached, which, as one writer noted, made prolonged disagreement practically unknown." Ans. Mangna Carta is a si... When the several jurisdictions to pass local Imperial Acts legislation came to consider which statutes to include as part of the received Imperial statute law of the jurisdiction, they all included Magna Carta. As several of these statutes are relatively recent, and all of them the product of 20th century consideration, they represent a judgment by law-makers that the linkage with Magna Carta should be maintained in contemporary law, even if only for sentimental rather than practical reasons. In the cases of Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, the Australian Capital Territory and New Zealand, many of the problems of identifying the relevant chapters of Magna Carta that apply have been solved by local Imperial Acts legislation. In all cases the legislature has not only indicated which version of Magna Carta applies that enactment is part of the statute law of the jurisdiction. Nevertheless, there are some minor differences between these jurisdictions to be noticed, especially in the case of the Australian Capital Territory, where the relevant text of the 1297 statute includes the preamble. In New Zealand, while schedule1 of the Imperial Laws Application Act 1988 (NZ) only refers to chapter 29 of the statute of 1297, the version reprinted for reference in the Reprinted Statutes of New Zealand includes the preamble to Magna Carta 1297. It follows from such legislation that no other chapters in the version of 1297, and none of the provisions of any of the earlier versions of Magna Carta, are part of the law of the jurisdictions in which Imperial Acts legislation is in force. This has not, however, prevented consideration of the legal origins of ancient offices and show that the

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Painter Francisco de Goya Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Painter Francisco de Goya - Essay Example Francisco de Goya then moved to paint cartoon design for the royal tapestry factory in Madrid from 1775 to 1792, which was considered as the most important phase in de Goya’s artistic development. This exposure as a tapestry designer provided the experience for de Goya to paint genre paintings or paintings derived from everyday life. It made him a keen observer of everyday behaviour of people which served as the technical foundation for him to paint his later renowned works such as First of May which was a social commentary about peasant’s uprising against French occupation in Spain (www.franciscodegoya.net, 2014). He was also an avid follower of the works of Velazquez that influenced his looser and more spontaneous painting technique. Later, Francisco de Goya explored his method by learning neoclassicism which was gaining popularity over the rococo style during his time. He then became a established portrait painter to the Spanish monarchy where he was elected to the Royal Academy of San Fernando in 1780, named as painter of the king 1786 and a court painter in 1789 (www.franciscodegoya.net, 2014). As a court painter, Goya was fashionable painter and high society portraitist. During the height of his success, De Goya was not only a fashionable court painter but also an advocate of justice and a staunch supporter for ending the war. He is considered as a social recorder of his countrymen’s struggle and travails whose style was associated with â€Å"anciens regimes† or the â€Å"first of the moderns† (Web Gallery of Art, nd). Francisco de Goya’s The Third of May 1808 is his most known artwork. It featured a peasant being shot by a soldier in the middle of a night. It was intentionally painted with the face of the executioner kept to be anonymous to highlight the drama of innocent civilian that was about to be executed. In this particular work, the artistry was

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

How to Determine Face Shape

How to Determine Face Shape How to determine Face Shape. Face Shape Calculator. What ismyface shape? All people have one of 7  basic face shapes: round, square, long (or â€Å"oblong†), triangle or pear, heart or inverted triangle, diamond or oval  shaped faces. With respect to  beauty, the  face shape  plays a part.And though many people may not have thought about the  shape of their face, there are many whose faces have characteristics they do not love. Knowing your face shape  can help you make confident and informed decisions about many things,  hairstyles, spectacles  included. To figure it out, pull or comb your hair completely away from your face.Now,you’ll need a ruler or a tape measure. Be sure to write down the numbers for each step: Start with the forehead. Measure across your  forehead  at the widest point. Move on the cheeks. Measure the widest length across your  cheekbones. Now on to the jaw. Measure your jawline at its widest point. Finally, measure the length of your face.Place the ruler at the top of your forehead at your hairline and measure to your chin. Your ratio will either be 1 (your width) to 1 1/2 (your length) or 1 to 1 or 1 to 2. Heart Shaped Face Heart-shaped faces  are wider at the forehead and gently narrow down at the jawline.Thechin may be  pointed  in this  face shape. This shape is also known as the â€Å"inverted-triangle.† Square Shaped Face You have  square face  if your face has the following measurements: The width of your forehead, cheekbones, and jaw are equal. The facehas sharp, angular features including a sharp jawline. (Ifthefeatures are soft and rounded, you are likely a â€Å"round face shape.†) The facecross ratio is 1 to 1 (Length = Width) or 1 to 1 1/2. Round Shaped Face You have a classic  round face  if you fit the following: The width of your forehead, cheekbones, and jaw are equal Thejaw is slightly rounded as opposed to angular. The round face hassoft features in general. The  difference between a round face and a square face  (which also measures the same across as long) lies in the angles.  Square faces  have strong, angular features, whereas around face  has soft features. The  facecross ratio  is 1 to 1 (length = width). Diamond Shaped Face You have a  diamond face  if you are widest at your cheekbones, and your jawline and forehead are the same length (but still narrower than your cheeks). Long Shaped Face (Oblong Shaped Face) Long face shapes  are longer than they are wide. Ifthe length to the width of the faceis more than 1 1/2, then you fall into this face shape zone. Oval Shaped Face The length is equal to one and a half times width. Triangle Face Shape Which is the best Face Shape? How does Face Shape correlate with Looks Beauty? In the  beauty  industry, whether it’s  makeup,  hair  or even  clothing being discussed,  face shape  plays a very important part. Face Shapes can play an important role in how both  men women look. Best Face Shape For Men There is a large percentage ofmenwho have a  square  face shape, and it is the  most ideal and desired shape  to work with. The angular jaw line, well defined chin, clefted chin, all give rise to the  manly faceas we know it.Therefore, when it comes to  haircuts and beards, the goal is to square off the face, while taking into consideration any imperfections and how to camouflage them. Best Face Shape For Women Face Shape  plays a very important role in making women appear feminine (What Makes  Beautiful Women?). The  oval face  is considered the  best facial shape for women. An  oval face  can get away with almost any  haircut and jewelry,  because of its balanced proportions. How to Alter / Accentuate your Face Shape Make it Ideal Perfect Shaped? Can you Shape your Face Shape? 1) Hairstyles Round Face Try  hairstyles  that fall just  below the chin, like the long bob, or soft, adapted layers that are  shoulder length. Avoid  one length, blunt cuts  like theclassic bob-cut. Square Face Experiment with curls, or long, sleek  haircuts  with layers that begin from the jawline and downward. Avoid  blunt-cut bangs  and  one-length bob hairstyles,  which highlight your angular jaw rather than downplay it. Oval Face An  oval face shape  can usually sustain any sort of  haircut. Find your best feature and highlight it with your hairstyle. Great bone structure? Consider an angular bob that complements your chin.Gorgeous eyes?  Blunt or side-swept bangs will draw attention there. Heart Face Draw attention away from the chin with side swept bangs or brow-skimming bangs. Avoid choppy layers thatmake the chin prominent. Triangular Face Short haircuts  with a lot of volume are ideal for triangular faces. You can also choose along cut, as long as it hits at your collarbone or lower. Diamond Face Try to create  width at the forehead  with bangs, and balance it out with layers that start at the  chin. Long Face Brow-skimming, side swept bangs or chin-length bobs are ideal for creating the illusion of width. Curls and waves also work well when adding width. Keep  haircuts short, never long because they tend to drag down the face. 2) Spectacles Sunglasses for Face Shapes Round Face To make around face  appear thinner and longer, try  angular narrow eyeglass frames  to lengthen the face, a clearbridgethat widens the eyes, and  frames  that are  wider  than they are deep, such as a  rectangular shape. Oval Face To keep the  oval face’s  natural balance, look for  eyeglass frames  that are as wide as (or wider than) the broadest part of the face, or  walnut-shaped frames  that are not too deep or too narrow. Oblong Face To make an  oblong face  appear shorter and more balanced,  try frames that have more depth than width, decorative or contrasting temples that add width to the face, or a low bridge to shorten the nose. Diamond Face This is the  rarest face shape. To highlight the eyes and soften the cheekbones, try  frames  that have detailing or distinctive brow lines, or try  rimless framesoroval and cat-eye shapes. Square Face To make a square face look longer and soften the angles, try  narrow frame styles, frames that have more width than depth, and  narrow ovals. Triangular Face To add width and emphasize the narrow upper third of the  face, try  frames  that are heavily accented with color and detailing on the top half or cat-eye shapes. 3) Change Face Shape Through Cosmetic Surgery A)  Botox For Masseter Hypertrophy  Masseter muscle reduction  is a procedure often requested by Asian ethnicities and now very commonly in  India. The Masster is a muscle in the jaw area an  enlarged masseter muscle  leads to formation of a  square shaped masculine appearing face in women. The use of  botulinum toxin  can effectively  treat the masseter hypertrophy, reduce and change the shape of the face predictably  (make the face and the jawline slim),  without any unwanted surgical trauma and complications. To read more on how  Botox  works, read this blogpost:https://debrajshome.wordpress.com/2012/03/03/best-botox-injections-in-mumbai-india/ B) Fillers to Augment Cheeks Chins Dermal Filler Injections  like  Juvederm Voluma  play an important role in  adding volume  where necessary, easily, painlessly, without surgery. So, the  chin can be augmented  or the cheeks, as necessary. C) Use of Chin Implants to elongate the face. Works in  diamond shaped oblong faces  to make them oval, by adding  width at the chin area. This also markedly improves  profile pictures. D) Use of Cheek Implants to widen Mid-Face Area Works in  oblong faces, to add  width to the cheeks  and balance the face. E)  VASER Liposuction Works in  round faces  to  reduce the increased fat  and make the jawline chin more defined and angular. Also,  removes the double chin. F) Orthognathic Surgery Complex Maxillo-Facial Surgery in which the bones of the face are cut re-arranged to change facial shape. In summary, working out your  face shape type  can be the first step in evaluating many things:  which hairstyles will suit you, which spectacles sunglasses will look good on you, how you should apply makeup, etc. In fact,  understanding your face shape  is the first step in understanding you. Once you know your face shape, you can rectify the deficiencies aim for the  best face shape  by visually changing your face shape via hairstyles, makeup, glasses or even by using  cosmetic surgery procedures.

Sunday, January 19, 2020

The Internet, Technology, and Privacy Essay -- privacy on the web, grow

Privacy on the Web has become a growing concern among Americans' due to tracking and social profiling of users' and their online habits. Government, businesses, web platforms and their advertisers are collecting users' online data on a daily basis through various techniques which could be used for study, security, and economic advantage. According to â€Å"The Danger of Big Data: Social Media as Computational Social Science,† smaller bits of user shared data can potentially be combined together to reveal information that could be damaging to a group or individual in which they may view as an invasion of their privacy. The capacity to collect and analyze such data can become a concern when that information is made available to businesses and government. With a lack of disclosure on how the users' data is being gathered and analyzed with a difficulty in knowing which pieces of the data shared could later prove damaging, many users' may not be aware of the potential adverse effects of the information they share online. [1][2] Social media networks gather and analyze large amounts of data on their users' to build a detailed social graph to better target advertisements, which can create an ethical dilemma in what constitutes as sensitive user information and how that could vary between different users'. In one case that called for class-action lawsuits in the U.S was how Facebook would keep track of its users and the websites they visited via the â€Å"Like,† and â€Å"Recommendations,† buttons that many web sites include for social and sharing purposes. Facebook was notified every time a user would access a website that had a â€Å"Like† button, even if the button wasn't clicked or the user logged into their Facebook account. [3] Due to the accuracy... ...glass-begins-and-they-arent-even-available-yet/ [9] The Day The World Fought Back https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2014/02/day-world-fought-back [10] Information Commissioner's Office: Cookies http://ico.org.uk/for_organisations/privacy_and_electronic_communications/the_guide/cookies [11] All About Cookies http://www.allaboutcookies.org/ad-serving/ [12] Target retail http://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2012/02/16/how-target-figured-out-a-teen-girl-was-pregnant-before-her-father-did/ Additional references used in study. The Future of Big Data http://www.pewinternet.org/2012/07/20/the-future-of-big-data/ Younger Generation Embracing A New View of Privacy http://singularityhub.com/2012/05/12/younger-generation-embracing-a-new-view-of-privacy/ How Companies Learn Your Secrets http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/19/magazine/shopping-habits.html?pagewanted=1&_r=2&hp

Saturday, January 11, 2020

My Three Passions

Through my life, I have done many deeds and experienced many different things. I have tried new hobbles, but the three major passions that have guided my life In a positive direction would have to be my love for baseball, my addiction to video games, and my obsession with math. These passions have changed me, and helped me become a better version of myself. I am proud of the person I am today because of this. Baseball has been of my life since I was 6, the second I caught my first ball I fell in love with the game.Even though I'm not particularly amazing at this sport, I have racticed almost every single day. This has led to me being a dedicated individual and a person who will persevere no matter what. Also baseball has increased my reflexes and timing so I feel much safer to live in this world because I am able to retaliate quickly and efficiently. Furthermore, throughout my Journey in baseball I have gotten more social, by meeting new people such as Joseph, one of my close friends , who has kept me right on track even through the rough times In life. Without getting Involved with baseball I wouldVe never met Joseph.Finally and most bviously baseball has kept me active all the time. In gym, I have been easily been able to keep up with exercises because this sport has already trained by body to be fit. Being fit has also helped me because it has gotten me more involved in sport extracurriculars, by giving me the ability to play other sports. Over all, baseball has been an important part of my life and has changed it. Video games have given me many skills that have improved me, such as a higher level of fine motor skills, greater social skills, temper control, and quick decision making skills.My favourite video ame is hands down â€Å"League of Legends†. League is a multiplayer online battle arena game. Basically, with teamwork, skill, experience, and knowledge, I play this game on a daily basis. With League, outstanding hand-eye coordination, fast trigge r fingers and quick reflexes are essential, and for this, my fine motor skills have been Improved. This compare with my passion for baseball, as League helps me become a better player in Baseball and vice versa. League has also added to my social skills. I often play League of Legends with a group of people, talking on Skype.My eambuilding skills, as with my leadership skills are stronger now, because of video games. Additionally, I meet new people all the time, League has a fan base of over 10 million people, so I interact with different people and make friends. For example, when I came to high school I quickly met people with a passion for this video game to, which has extended my list of contacts. Temper control is essential in League, because when you rage, you tend to do worse, which may lead to defeat. League has taught me to be cool, and not sweat over little things, and try harder the next time.Finally, League has given me a fast reaction time, and now I am able to make deci sions faster. This Is because of the declslons you must take, such as choosing to destroy all the turrets, or rushing the nexus. I am a netter tnlnK now, ana Its Decause 0T tnls partlcular v10eo game. 10 conclude, my passion for video games, it has given me skills that have improved my life, and the people around me. Math, as lame as it sounds, has given me the ability to exercise my brain, challenge myself, test my brain power and help keep me entertained during school.These factors have helped me become a knowledgeable person, and this has helped me learn many subjects. Exercising my brain through math is really efficient for me because I can keep challenging myself. The thrill and challenge math gives me is unbelievable, because when I challenge myself, I improve. I learned many ways to memorize and remember things, because math has taught me that through constant drilling I can thoroughly understand more subjects. For example, When I was memorizing champions and their abilities in my video games, I used the same techniques as I did when I was memorizing the times table.Ever since I first learned math in Kindergarten, I was taken with it. It was the subject that gave helped me the most, and the one I found most interesting. Math has given me vital learning tools, which I can use to succeed in anything. In conclusion, my passions in many ways have changed my life in a positive way. I have acquired skills and tool that I can use to become a better person, not only for myself but for the world around me. Many other hobbies of mine have changed me, but these, baseball, video games, and math have to be the ones that have positively affected me the most.

Friday, January 3, 2020

Essay on The Scramble for Africa - 1662 Words

The Scramble for Africa is one of the best examples of colonization in world history. Europe alone managed to colonize the entire African continent in a period of roughly twenty five years, spanning from 1875 to 1900. The quest for power by European nations was only one of the driving forces for this race for colonization. The geographical location and the natural resources to be exploited in certain regions of the continent were important factors in the race for land. Another factor that contributed to the colonization of Africa was the end of the slave trade. The need for new capitalism to exist between Europe and Africa after the call for the abolition of slavery became great. European traders were searching for new avenues for making†¦show more content†¦The Congo basin area was not just of interest to Belgium; France and Portugal also had interest in this region with the area to the north of the river Congo became a French protectorate. The Kingdom of Congo had also bee n a target of Dutch and Portuguese interest for centuries. The Portuguese government established a treaty with Great Britain’s Foreign Secretary, Lord Granville, which recognized Portugal’s claim to both banks at the mouth of the Congo leading to the sea, thus cutting off Leopold’s access to this area. However, the King of Belgium continued to annex other regions and by 1890, his holds in Africa were 75 times the size of Belgium. During this time of colonization by Belgium under Leopold, brutality was horrific, resulting in millions of the Congo region’s native people being terrorized into submission or killed in the effort (â€Å"Democratic Republic of Congo profile†). For Great Britain, the loss of the colonies in America in the late 1700s was a huge blow politically and economically. Interest in colonizing Africa became strong after this period. The British had already acquired Cape Colony, located in southern tip of Africa from the Dutch in the 1600s. When the Suez Canal opened in 1869, British Foreign Minister Benjamin Disraeli a large portion of the share holdings from the Egyptian ruler, establishing a strong British influence in the region after the French abandoned the joint occupation. The ultimate goal of theShow MoreRelatedThe Scramble for Africa1154 Words   |  5 Pages What was the Scramble for Africa? The Scramble for Africa was a period of time where major European countries fought over and colonized land in Africa, stretching from South Africa to Egypt. The scramble for Africa began shortly after the slave trade, and ended at WW1, and is a strong representation of the ‘New Imperialism’. The first country to act was Belgium, who colonized Congo at 1885, but soon, other countries such as Portugal and Great Britain joined in in order to not miss out. FirstlyRead MoreScramble for Africa1841 Words   |  8 PagesWhat were the major historical factors explaining ‘the scramble for Africa’? In order to approach this essay question, my analysis will be divided into two parts. The first section will define what the scramble for Africa means. In the subsequent sections, I will refer to the case history of colonization of Africa by some European countries, the motives behind their actions and its consequences on Africa particularly. The scramble for Africa was described as the golden period of European expansionismRead MoreScramble for Africa835 Words   |  4 PagesEuropean powers were involved in Africa since the mid-1500s but had restricted their area of influence to only the coastal regions of Western Africa, where powers such as Great Britain established hubs for their highly profitable slave trade (David). Over a period of nearly three hundred years, European ships had transported more than 11 million people from Africa to different areas of the world, including America after the slave trade was abolished in Europe, and sold them into slavery (David)Read MoreThe Scramble for Africa980 Words   |  4 Pagesto discuss the division of Africa between European powers, said powers both occupied and colonized Africa. Many different intricate societies who each had different reactions to the Scramble for Africa composed Africa of the era. While a large majority of Africans reacted to the Europeans presence viol ently, others relied on religious apple or polite denials to soften the blow of imperialism. Violent reactions to European imperialism spanned across all parts of Africa; however, large weapons gapsRead MoreThe Scramble for Africa Essay1032 Words   |  5 PagesThe scramble for Africa represents the most thorough and systematic process of colonialism in world history. The European colonial powers managed to conquer and control almost the entire continent of Africa in a short, twenty-five year period from about 1875 to 1900. Some of the European states involved were already well-established global powers; the others were up and coming nations that desired to emulate and compete with the dominant imperial states. Various factors allowed for and contributedRead MoreScramble Africa And The Aftermath Essay2328 Words   |  10 PagesScrambling Africa and the Aftermath. One common phenomenon between many nations of the world is the colony. The United States, Canada, South Korea, Niger, India, Kenya, Australia, and the Republic of South Africa and more shared the pros and cons of colonial systems. They are all former colonies to the extent that India, Nigeria, South Africa, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand are members of the Commonwealth, they are former colonies of the United Kingdom and they all continue to concede the nominalRead MorePartition and Scramble of Africa1582 Words   |  7 Pagesunprecedented manner, even though there was little interest in Africa up to the 1870s. In fact, up to 1880 Europeans ruled merely 10% of the African continent. Yet within 30 years, by 1914, European nations will have claimed all of Africa except Liberia (a small territory of freed slaves from the United States) and Abyssinia (Ethiopia), which had successfully held off Italian invaders at the battle of Adowa in 1896. The partitioning of Africa was seen as a means of easing tensions between European statesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Scramble For Africa 1152 Words   |  5 Pagesto the scramble for Africa. Though there was no one that stood in the place of a mother to tell the European powers that they needed to share, the single greatest power of the time, Great Britain, surly tried to play the part of mamma. â€Å"The scramble for Africa is subject to countless studies†¦ no single event set off the scramble†. Taking a look at two of the factors that played a massive role in the scramble, globalization, and natural resources, a picture to why the scramble for Africa took placeRead MoreThe Scramble for Africa Essay583 Words   |  3 Pagestribes in Africa. The Africans had no choice, their opinions didn’t matter, they were just like the land: they were just property. Life for the Africans wasn’t always run by imperialist. Although Europeans did have ties with the Europeans in the 1450s, the Europeans didn’t have control over much land. The land they did have control over was costal; they were afraid to venture any further because of the high risk of malaria. Another factor was African tribes having a strong militaries. Africa was brokenRead MoreThe Scramble For African Colonization Of Africa1733 Words   |  7 Pages The Scramble for Africa had a massive impact on the lives of the citizens that lived there. In the 1870’s when Germany became the new leader in the European industry with chemicals and electrical products. This time was known as the second industrial revolution when transportation in the country came about it effected routes of trade became easily available thus making. The growth of European colonization of Africa which was unique because they started to colonized later than everyone else. For